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高压 3

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Investigation on drilling-grinding of CFRP

Yanming QUAN, Wenwang ZHONG

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2009年第4卷第1期页码 60-63 doi: 10.1007/s11465-009-0008-y

摘要： It is difficult to machine polymer matrix composites reinforced by carbon fibre, and the hole-making process is the most necessary machining process for composite plate products. Conventional drills have a very short life in the drilling of this kind of composites and the quality of the hole is very poor. In this paper, the cemented or plated diamond core tools are tested to make holes in carbon fibre/epoxy composite plates. The effects of machining parameters, cooling and chip removal on the tool life, and the hole quality are investigated. Results indicate that the material removal mechanism of the two kinds of diamond tools is not like the cutting effect of the conventional solid twist drilling but similar to that of grinding. Satisfactory effects in making holes in the composites are obtained— quite acceptable machined hole quality, low costs, and long wear-resistant endurance.

关键词： composites drilling-grinding cemented/plated diamond tool life machined quality

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人造金刚石工业在我国迅猛崛起

刘广志

《中国工程科学》 2000年第2卷第5期页码 31-33

摘要：

论述了人造金刚石的发展历程及其在我国的迅猛发展，目前我国的人造金刚石产量已居世界首位。进入20世纪末，人造金刚石新品种不断涌现，CVD、卡邦、世界首颗超厘米级C₆₀单晶也研制成功。

关键词：人造金刚石人造金刚石膜复合片

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- and temperature-dependence of compressive and tensile behaviors of polypropylene fiber-reinforced cemented

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2021年第15卷第4期页码 1025-1037 doi: 10.1007/s11709-021-0741-9

摘要： The understanding of compressive and tensile behaviors of polypropylene fiber-reinforced cemented paste backfill (FR-CPB) play crucial roles in the successful implementation of reinforcement technique in underground mine backfilling operations. However, very limited studies have been performed to gain insight into the evolution of compressive and tensile behaviors and associated mechanical properties of FR-CPB under various curing temperatures from early to advanced ages. Thus, this study aims to investigate the time (7, 28, and 90 d)- and temperature (20°C, 35°C, and 45°C)-dependence of constitutive behavior and mechanical properties of FR-CPB. The obtained results show that pre- and post-failure behaviors of FR-CPB demonstrate strongly curing temperature-dependence from early to advanced ages. Moreover, the pseudo-hardening behavior is sensitive to curing temperature, especially at early ages. Furthermore, the mechanical properties including elastic modulus, material stiffness, strengths, brittleness, cohesion, and internal friction angle of FR-CPB show increasing trends with curing temperature as curing time elapses. Additionally, a predictive model is developed to capture the strong correlation between compressive and tensile strength of FR-CPB. The findings of this study will contribute to the successful implementation of FR-CPB technology.

关键词： cemented paste backfill fiber reinforcement constitutive behavior temperature tailings

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Experimental investigation of evolutive mode-I and mode-II fracture behavior of fiber-reinforced cemented

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2023年第17卷第2期页码 256-270 doi: 10.1007/s11709-022-0924-z

摘要： The curing temperature-dependent cement hydration causes the nonlinear evolution of fracture behavior and properties of fiber-reinforced cemented paste backfill (CPB) and thus influences the stability of mine backfill materials in deep mines. Therefore, the coupled effect of curing temperature (20, 35, and 45 °C) and cement hydration at different curing times (3, 7, and 28 d) on the mode-I and mode-II fracture behavior and properties of fiber-reinforced CPB is investigated. A comprehensive experimental testing program consisting of semicircular bend tests, direct shear tests, measurement of volumetric water content and matric suction, TG/DTG tests, and SEM observation is carried out. The results show that the coupled thermochemical effect results in strongly nonlinear development of pre- and post-peak behavior of fiber-reinforced CPB. Moreover, the results discover a positive linear correlation between fracture toughness and shear strength parameters and also reveal the vital role played by matric suction in the formation of fracture toughness. Furthermore, predictive functions are developed to estimate the coupled thermochemical effect on the development of K_Ic and K_IIc. Therefore, the findings and the developed mathematical tools have the potential to promote the successful application of fiber-reinforced CPB technology in deep underground mines.

关键词： fiber reinforcement cemented paste backfill fracture behavior underground mine cement hydration

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胶结颗粒料坝——环境友好的新坝型

贾金生, Michel Lino, 金峰, 郑璀莹

《工程（英文）》 2016年第2卷第4期页码 490-497 doi: 10.1016/J.ENG.2016.04.003

摘要：

笔者于2009年提出了胶结颗粒料坝的概念，目的在于修建更安全、更经济的环境友好的大坝。该坝型包括胶结砂砾石坝(曾用名胶凝砂砾石坝)、堆石混凝土坝(或胶结堆石坝)和胶结土坝。本文基于研究和实践，进一步阐述了胶结颗粒料坝的概念和原则，介绍了胶结砂砾石坝、堆石混凝土坝和胶结土坝的新进展。

关键词：胶结颗粒料坝胶结砂砾石坝堆石混凝土坝胶结堆石坝胶结土坝材料特性

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Recognition of diamond grains on surface of fine diamond grinding wheel

HUO Fengwei, JIN Zhuji, KANG Renke, GUO Dongming, YANG Chun

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2008年第3卷第3期页码 325-331 doi: 10.1007/s11465-008-0071-9

摘要： The accurate evaluation of grinding wheel surface topography, which is necessary for the investigation of the grinding principle, optimism, modeling, and simulation of a grinding process, significantly depends on the accurate recognition of abrasive grains from the measured wheel surface. A detailed analysis of the grain size distribution characteristics and grain profile wavelength of the fine diamond grinding wheel used for ultra-precision grinding is presented. The requirements of the spatial sampling interval and sampling area for instruments to measure the surface topography of a diamond grinding wheel are discussed. To recognize diamond grains, digital filtering is used to eliminate the high frequency disturbance from the measured 3D digital surface of the grinding wheel, the geometric features of diamond grains are then extracted from the filtered 3D digital surface, and a method based on the grain profile frequency characteristics, diamond grain curvature, and distance between two adjacent diamond grains is proposed. A 3D surface profiler based on scanning white light interferometry is used to measure the 3D surface topography of a #3000 mesh resin bonded diamond grinding wheel, and the diamond grains are then recognized from the 3D digital surface. The experimental result shows that the proposed method is reasonable and effective.

关键词： topography frequency disturbance filtering analysis wavelength

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Application of random set method in a deep excavation: based on a case study in Tehran cemented alluvium

Arash SEKHAVATIAN, Asskar Janalizadeh CHOOBBASTI

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2019年第13卷第1期页码 66-80 doi: 10.1007/s11709-018-0461-y

摘要： The design of high-rise buildings often necessitates ground excavation, where buildings are in close proximity to the construction, thus there is a potential for damage to these structures. This paper studies an efficient user-friendly framework for dealing with uncertainties in a deep excavation in layers of cemented coarse grained soil located in Tehran, Iran by non-deterministic Random Set (RS) method. In order to enhance the acceptability of the method among engineers, a pertinent code was written in FISH language of FLAC2D software which enables the designers to run all simulations simultaneously, without cumbersome procedure of changing input variables in every individual analysis. This could drastically decrease the computational effort and cost imposed to the project, which is of great importance especially to the owners. The results are presented in terms of probability of occurrence and most likely values of the horizontal displacement at top of the wall at every stage of construction. Moreover, a methodology for assessing the credibility of the uncertainty model is presented using a quality indicator. It was concluded that performing RS analysis before the beginning of every stage could cause great economical savings, while improving the safety of the project.

关键词： uncertainty reliability analysis deep excavations random set method finite difference method

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Ultra-precision ductile grinding of BK7 using super abrasive diamond wheel

ZHAO Qingliang, Brinksmeier Ekkard, Riemer Oltmann, Rickens Kai

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2007年第2卷第3期页码 350-355 doi: 10.1007/s11465-007-0061-3

摘要： In this paper, a novel conditioning technique using copper bonded diamond grinding wheels of 91 yD grain size and electrolytic in-process dressing (ELID) is first developed to precisely and effectively condition a nickel-electroplated monolayer coarse-grained diamond grinding wheel of 151 μm grain size. Under optimised conditioning parameters, the super abrasive diamond wheel was well conditioned in terms of a minimized run-out error and flattened diamond grain surfaces of constant peripheral envelope. The conditioning force was monitored by a force transducer, while the modified wheel surface status was in-situ monitored by a coaxial optical distance measurement system. Finally, the grinding experiment on BK7 was conducted using the well-conditioned wheel with the corresponding surface morphology and subsurface damage measured by atomic force microscope (AFM) and scanning electric microscope (SEM), respectively. The experimental result shows that the newly developed conditioning technique is applicable and feasible to ductile grinding optical glass featuring nano scale surface roughness, indicating the potential of super abrasive diamond wheels in ductile machining brittle materials.

关键词： ELID peripheral electrolytic in-process nickel-electroplated monolayer measurement

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蛇绿岩型金刚石——探索深部碳循环的新窗口 Review

连东洋, 杨经绥

《工程（英文）》 2019年第5卷第3期页码 406-420 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2019.02.006

摘要：

近些年来，在全球不同地区的一些蛇绿岩地幔橄榄岩和铬铁矿中发现了微粒金刚石和其他异常矿物，包括呈斯石英假象的柯石英、碳化硅、青松矿、自然元素矿物、金属合金以及一些壳源矿物（如锆石、石英、角闪石和金红石）。西藏罗布莎铬铁矿中的柯石英和蓝晶石呈针柱状集合体交生在一起，产在钛铁合金矿物的边部，这些柯石英集合体可能代表了更高压相的斯石英发生退变后形成的假象矿物。蓝晶石、柯石英、青松矿包裹体（一种立方晶系的氮化硼）以及TiO2 II（金红石的高压相矿物）等矿物的发现指示铬铁矿形成的温压条件可能达到10~15 GPa、约1300 ℃，深度达大于380 km 的地幔转换带（mantle transition zone，MTZ）深度。碳化硅、自然元素矿物以及金属合金矿物的产出指示了一个超还原的地质环境。与金伯利岩、变质岩和陨石中的金刚石相比，蛇绿岩中的金刚石具有较轻的碳同位素组成以及不同类型的矿物包裹体，指示其碳物质可能源于地表的有机碳，经历了俯冲板片在深部的再循环作用。金刚石在蛇绿岩地幔橄榄岩和铬铁矿中的普遍存在，表明大洋地幔可能是一个重要的碳储库。蛇绿岩型金刚石的发现证明了浅部碳可以俯冲至深部地幔。蛇绿岩型金刚石为研究地球的深部碳循环提供了新窗口。

关键词：蛇绿岩型金刚石柯石英斯石英豆荚状铬铁矿地幔过渡带

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Multi-objective optimization of process parameters in Electro-Discharge Diamond Face Grinding based on

Ravindra Nath YADAV, Vinod YADAVA, G.K. SINGH

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2013年第8卷第3期页码 319-332 doi: 10.1007/s11465-013-0269-3

摘要：

The effective study of hybrid machining processes (HMPs), in terms of modeling and optimization has always been a challenge to the researchers. The combined approach of Artificial Neural Network (ANN) and Non-Dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm-II (NSGA-II) has attracted attention of researchers for modeling and optimization of the complex machining processes. In this paper, a hybrid machining process of Electrical Discharge Face Grinding (EDFG) and Diamond Face Grinding (DFG) named as Electrical Discharge Diamond face Grinding (EDDFG) have been studied using a hybrid methodology of ANN-NSGA-II. In this study, ANN has been used for modeling while NSGA-II is used to optimize the control parameters of the EDDFG process. For observations of input-output relations, the experiments were conducted on a self developed face grinding setup, which is attached with the ram of EDM machine. During experimentation, the wheel speed, pulse current, pulse on-time and duty factor are taken as input parameters while output parameters are material removal rate (MRR) and average surface roughness (R_a). The results have shown that the developed ANN model is capable to predict the output responses within the acceptable limit for a given set of input parameters. It has also been found that hybrid approach of ANN-NSGA-II gives a set of optimal solutions for getting appropriate value of outputs with multiple objectives.

关键词： hybrid machining processes (HMPs) electrical discharge diamond grinding (EDDG) artificial neural network (ANN) genetic algorithm modeling and optimization

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Sub-nanometer finishing of polycrystalline tin by inductively coupled plasma-assisted cutting

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2023年第18卷第3期 doi: 10.1007/s11465-023-0751-5

摘要： Polycrystalline tin is an ideal excitation material for extreme ultraviolet light sources. However, the existence of grain boundary (GB) limits the surface roughness of polycrystalline tin after single-point diamond turning (SPDT). In this work, a novel method termed inductively coupled plasma (ICP)-assisted cutting was developed for the sub-nanometer finishing of polycrystalline tin. The relationship between ICP power, processing time, and modification depth was established by thermodynamic simulation, and the fitted heat transfer coefficient of polycrystalline tin was 540 W/(m²·K). The effects of large-thermal-gradient ICP treatment on the microstructure of polycrystalline tin were studied. After 0.9 kW ICP processing for 3.0 s, corresponding to the temperature gradient of 0.30 K/µm, the grain size of polycrystalline tin was expanded from a size of approximately 20–80 μm to a millimeter scale. The Taguchi method was used to investigate the effects of rotational speed, depth of cut, and feed rate on SPDT. Experiments conducted based on the ICP system indicated that the plasma-assisted cutting method promoted the reduction of the influence of GB steps on the finishing of polycrystalline tin, thereby achieving a surface finish from 8.53 to 0.80 nm in Sa. The results of residual stress release demonstrated that the residual stress of plasma-assisted turning processing after 504 h stress release was 10.7 MPa, while that of the turning process without the ICP treatment was 41.6 MPa.

关键词： plasma-assisted cutting polycrystalline tin single-point diamond turning surface roughness

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Molecular dynamics modeling of a single diamond abrasive grain in grinding

Angelos P. MARKOPOULOS,Ioannis K. SAVVOPOULOS,Nikolaos E. KARKALOS,Dimitrios E. MANOLAKOS

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2015年第10卷第2期页码 168-175 doi: 10.1007/s11465-015-0337-y

摘要：

In this paper the nano-metric simulation of grinding of copper with diamond abrasive grains, using the molecular dynamics (MD) method, is considered. An MD model of nano-scale grinding, where a single diamond abrasive grain performs cutting of a copper workpiece, is presented. The Morse potential function is used to simulate the interactions between the atoms involved in the procedure. In the proposed model, the abrasive grain follows a curved path with decreasing depth of cut within the workpiece to simulate the actual material removal process. Three different initial depths of cut, namely 4 ?, 8 ? and 12 ?, are tested, and the influence of the depth of cut on chip formation, cutting forces and workpiece temperatures are thoroughly investigated. The simulation results indicate that with the increase of the initial depth of cut, average cutting forces also increase and therefore the temperatures on the machined surface and within the workpiece increase as well. Furthermore, the effects of the different values of the simulation variables on the chip formation mechanism are studied and discussed. With the appropriate modifications, the proposed model can be used for the simulation of various nano-machining processes and operations, in which continuum mechanics cannot be applied or experimental techniques are subjected to limitations.

关键词： molecular dynamics abrasive process chip formation cutting force temperature

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Fabrication of ionic polymer-metal composites (IPMCs) and robot design

Hanmin PENG, Qingjun Ding, Huafeng LI

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2009年第4卷第3期页码 332-338 doi: 10.1007/s11465-009-0046-5

摘要： This paper describes a method for preliminary manufacturing experiments on a type of smart materials—ionic polymer-metal composites (IPMCs). They belong to EAP materials and are famous for their capability of huge displacement within a low voltage (1–3 V). With best operation quality in the humid environment, they can be made as underwater robots in simple structures. In this paper, two purposes are embodied. One focuses on the research on the IPMCs characteristics, including the actuating principle, manufacturing process, and parameters of performance. The other is that a relevant robot driven by IPMCs strips is designed. According to imitation propulsion mechanism of undulatory fins, IPMCs are designed for a novel bionic water vehicle propelled by undulatory multiple fish-like fins (made by IPMCs). The robot consists of three fins on the bottom tightly contacting by plastic foils with each other.

关键词： ionic polymer-metal composites (IPMCs) artificial muscles actuator bionic robot platinum-plated

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YAG激光用于发动机缸体淬火技术研究

张国顺,张泰石,杨昭霞,张健,李荷芬,赵爱国

《中国工程科学》 2001年第3卷第3期页码 68-70

摘要：

论述了500W连续YAG激光器用于汽车发动机缸体淬火技术的最新研究成果及实验情况，分析了YAG激光淬火比CO₂激光淬火的诸多优越性。在微机控制系统上，首次提出了横向头数与纵向头数的新概念，导出了新的数学模型，还提出了网纹局部加密技术，通过软件程序实现了高精度网纹的激光淬火。

关键词： YAG激光淬火发动机缸体纵向头数横向头数局部加密网纹

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Micro-optical fabrication by ultraprecision diamond machining and precision molding

Hui LI, Likai LI, Neil J. NAPLES, Jeffrey W. ROBLEE, Allen Y. YI

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2017年第12卷第2期页码 181-192 doi: 10.1007/s11465-017-0444-z

摘要：

Ultraprecision diamond machining and high volume molding for affordable high precision high performance optical elements are becoming a viable process in optical industry for low cost high quality microoptical component manufacturing. In this process, first high precision microoptical molds are fabricated using ultraprecision single point diamond machining followed by high volume production methods such as compression or injection molding. In the last two decades, there have been steady improvements in ultraprecision machine design and performance, particularly with the introduction of both slow tool and fast tool servo. Today optical molds, including freeform surfaces and microlens arrays, are routinely diamond machined to final finish without post machining polishing. For consumers, compression molding or injection molding provide efficient and high quality optics at extremely low cost. In this paper, first ultraprecision machine design and machining processes such as slow tool and fast too servo are described then both compression molding and injection molding of polymer optics are discussed. To implement precision optical manufacturing by molding, numerical modeling can be included in the future as a critical part of the manufacturing process to ensure high product quality.

关键词： ultraprecision machining slow tool servo fast tool servo compression molding injection molding microlens arrays optical fabrication